Imakethi yaseTshayina kunye neRashiya yokuvelisa isinyithi ngexesha le-Covid-19
Ngokutsho kwesibikezelo sikaJiang Li, umhlalutyi oyintloko we-Chinese National Metallurgical Association CISA, kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zetsimbi kweli lizwe kuya kuncipha nge-10-20 yeetoni zezigidi xa kuthelekiswa neyokuqala. Kwimeko efanayo kwiminyaka esixhenxe ngaphambili, oku kukhokelele kwintsalela ebalulekileyo yeemveliso zentsimbi kwimarike yaseTshayina eyalahlwa phesheya kolwandle.
Ngoku amaTshayina akanandawo yokuthumela kumazwe angaphandle - abeke umsebenzi ochasene nokulahla kuwo ngokungqongqo, kwaye akanakutyumza nabani na ngexabiso eliphantsi. Uninzi lweshishini lesinyithi laseTshayina lisebenza kwintsimbi ekrwada evela kumazwe angaphandle, lihlawula amaxabiso ombane aphezulu kakhulu kwaye kufuneka lityale imali eninzi kuphuculo lwangoku, ngakumbi, ukuphuculwa kokusingqongileyo.
Oku mhlawumbi sesona sizathu siphambili somnqweno worhulumente waseTshayina ukunciphisa kakhulu imveliso yensimbi, ukuyibuyisela kwinqanaba lonyaka odlulileyo. I-Ecology kunye nomlo ochasene nokufudumala kwehlabathi kunokwenzeka ukuba idlale indima yesibini, nangona ingena kakuhle ekuboniseni ukubambelela kweBeijing kumgaqo-nkqubo wemozulu yehlabathi. Njengommeli woMphathiswa we-Ecology kunye nokusiNgqongileyo wathi kwintlanganiso yamalungu e-CISA, ukuba ngaphambili umsebenzi oyintloko we-metallurgical industry yayikukuphelisa amandla angaphezulu kunye nokuphelelwa yisikhathi, ngoku kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa umthamo wangempela wemveliso.
Ingakanani intsimbi eya kubiza e-China
Kunzima ukutsho ukuba iChina iza kubuyela ngenene kwiziphumo zonyaka ophelileyo ekupheleni konyaka. Sekunjalo, kule nto, umthamo wokunyibilikisa kwisiqingatha sesibini sonyaka kufuneka uncitshiswe malunga neetoni ezizigidi ezingama-60, okanye i-11% xa kuthelekiswa neyokuqala. Ngokucacileyo, ii-metallurgists, ezifumana ngoku iingeniso zerekhodi, ziya kutshabalalisa eli nyathelo ngandlela zonke. Nangona kunjalo, kwinani lamaphondo, iiplanti zemetallurgical zafumana iimfuno ezivela kumagunya asekuhlaleni ukuze zinciphise imveliso yazo. Ngapha koko, le mimandla ibandakanya iTangshan, eyona ndawo inkulu yesinyithi ye-PRC.
Noko ke, akukho nto ithintela amaTshayina ekubeni enze ngokuvisisana nomgaqo othi: “Asizukufumana nto, ngoko siya kuhlala sifudumele.” Iimpembelelo zalo mgaqo-nkqubo wokuthunyelwa kwensimbi yaseTshayina kunye nokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kunomdla kakhulu kubathathi-nxaxheba kwimarike yensimbi yaseRashiya.
Kwiiveki zakutshanje, kukho amahemuhemu aqhubekayo ukuba i-China iya kubeka imisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle kwiimveliso zetsimbi kwisixa se-10 ukuya kwi-25% ukususela ngo-Agasti 1, ubuncinane kwiimveliso ezishushu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku yonke into isebenze ngokurhoxisa ukubuyiswa kwe-VAT kumazwe angaphandle kwintsimbi ebandayo, igalvanized steel, i-polymer kunye ne-tin, imibhobho engenamthungo ngeenjongo ze-oyile kunye negesi - kuphela ziintlobo ezingama-23 zeemveliso zentsimbi ezingagutyungelwanga ngala manyathelo. Ngomhla woku-1 kuCanzibe.
Ezi zinto zintsha aziyi kuba nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kwimarike yehlabathi. Ewe, iingcaphuno zensimbi epholileyo kunye nentsimbi eyenziwe eChina iya kunyuka. Kodwa sele sele bephantsi ngokungaqhelekanga kwiinyanga zakutshanje xa kuthelekiswa neendleko zentsimbi eshushu. Kwanasemva kokunyuka okungenakuphepheka, iimveliso zentsimbi zesizwe ziya kuhlala zinexabiso eliphantsi kunezo zikhuphisana ezinkulu, njengoko kuphawulwe liphephandaba laseTshayina iShanghai Metals Market (SMM).
Njengoko iSMM ikwakhankanyile, isindululo sokunyanzeliswa kwemirhumo yokuthumela ngaphandle kwintsimbi eshushu yabangela ukusabela okuphikiswayo kubenzi baseTshayina. Ngexesha elifanayo, umntu kufuneka alindele ukuba ukunikezelwa kwangaphandle kwezi mveliso kuya kuncitshiswa. Amanyathelo okunciphisa imveliso yensimbi eChina yachaphazela le nxalenye kakhulu, eyakhokelela ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso. Kwifandesi kwiShanghai Futures Exchange nge-30 kaJulayi, iikowuti zidlule kwi-6,130 yuan ngetoni ($ 839.5 ngaphandle kweVAT). Ngokweengxelo ezithile, ii-quota zokuthumela ngaphandle ngokusesikweni ziye zaziswa kwiinkampani zaseTshayina zetsimbi, ezinqongophele kakhulu kumthamo.
Ngokubanzi, kuya kuba mnandi kakhulu ukubukela imakethi yokurenta yaseTshayina kwiveki ezayo okanye ezimbini. Ukuba izinga lokuhla kwimveliso liyaqhubeka, amaxabiso aya koyisa ukuphakama okutsha. Ngaphezu koko, oku akuyi kuchaphazela kuphela intsimbi eshushu, kodwa kunye ne-rebar, kunye neebhilidi ezithengiswayo. Ukuze kuthintelwe ukukhula kwabo, abasemagunyeni baseTshayina kuya kufuneka babhenele kumanyathelo olawulo, njengangoMeyi, okanye bacinezele ngakumbi ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ngaphandle, okanye ... ).
Imeko yemarike yesinyithi eRashiya ngo-2021
Okunokwenzeka, isiphumo siya kuba kukunyuka kwamaxabiso kwimarike yehlabathi. Ayinkulu kakhulu, kuba abathengisi baseIndiya nabaseRussia bahlala bekulungele ukuthatha indawo yeenkampani zaseTshayina, kwaye imfuno eVietnam kunye nenani lamanye amazwe aseAsia liwe ngenxa yomlo ongenalusini wokulwa ne-coronavirus, kodwa ibalulekile. Kwaye apha umbuzo uvela: imarike yaseRashiya iya kusabela njani kule nto?!
Sisanda kufika nge-1 ka-Agasti - usuku apho imisebenzi yokuthumela ngaphandle kwiimveliso ezigqityiweyo yaqala ukusebenza. Kuyo yonke iJulayi, ngokulindela kwesi siganeko, amaxabiso eemveliso zetsimbi eRashiya ayancipha. Kwaye ichanekile ngokupheleleyo, kuba ngaphambi kokuba baqikelelwe kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neemarike zangaphandle.
Abanye abavelisi bemibhobho edityanisiweyo eRashiya, ngokucacileyo, bade banethemba lokunciphisa iindleko zeekhoyili ezishushu ezishushu ukuya kuma-ruble angama-70-75 amawaka. ngetoni nganye CPT. La mathemba, ngendlela, awazange azaliseke, ngoko ngoku abavelisi bemibhobho bajongene nomsebenzi wokulungiswa kwexabiso eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, umbuzo obalulekileyo ngoku uvela: ngaba kufanelekile ukulindela ukuhla kwamaxabiso ensimbi eshushu eshushu eRashiya, yithi, kwi-80-85 lamawaka eeruble. ngetoni nganye ye-CPT, okanye ngaba i-pendulum iya kujika ngasemva kwicala lokukhula?
Njengomthetho, amaxabiso emveliso yephepha eRashiya abonisa i-anisotropy kule nkalo, ngokwenzululwazi. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba imarike yehlabathi iqala ukunyuka, ngokukhawuleza bayithatha le ndlela. Kodwa ukuba utshintsho lwenzeka phesheya kwaye amaxabiso ehla, ke abenzi bentsimbi baseRashiya bakhetha ukungaqapheli olu tshintsho. Kwaye “abaqapheli” – iiveki okanye iinyanga.
Ukuthengiswa kwesinyithi kunye nokunyuka kwexabiso lezinto zokwakha
Nangona kunjalo, ngoku into yemisebenzi iya kuthatha isenzo ngokuchasene nokonyuka okunjalo. Ukunyuka kwexabiso lentsimbi yaseRashiya eshushu-eshushu ngaphezu kweedola ezili-120 ngetoni, enokuthi ifikelele ngokupheleleyo, ibonakala ingenakwenzeka kwikamva elibonakalayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba kwenzekani eChina. Nokuba ijika ibe ngumthengisi wentsimbi yomnatha (leyo, ngendlela, inokwenzeka, kodwa hayi ngokukhawuleza), kusekho abakhuphisana nabo, iindleko eziphezulu zolungiselelo kunye nefuthe le-coronavirus.
Ekugqibeleni, amazwe aseNtshona abonisa ukukhathazeka ngakumbi malunga nokukhawuleza kweenkqubo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso, kwaye umbuzo wokuqiniswa okuthile "kompompo wemali" uphakanyiswa apho, ubuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, kwelinye icala, eUnited States, indlu ephantsi yeCongress ivume inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwe-550 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Xa i-Senate ivotela, iya kuba yinto enzima yokunyuka kwamaxabiso, ngoko ke imeko inzima kakhulu.
Ngoko ke, ukushwankathela, ngo-Agasti ukunyuka okuphakathi kwamaxabiso kwiimveliso ezisicaba kunye neebhilidi phantsi kwempembelelo yomgaqo-nkqubo waseTshayina kwaba yinto enokwenzeka kakhulu kwimarike yehlabathi. Iya kunyanzelwa yimfuno ebuthathaka ngaphandle kweTshayina kunye nokhuphiswano phakathi kwababoneleli. Izinto ezifanayo ziya kuthintela iinkampani zaseRashiya ekuphakamiseni kakhulu iikowuteshini zangaphandle kunye nokwandisa iimpahla zokuthumela ngaphandle. Amaxabiso asekhaya eRashiya aya kuba phezulu kune-parity yokuthumela ngaphandle, kuquka nemisebenzi. Kodwa umbuzo onokuthi uphakame kangakanani. Inkqubo ebambekayo yeeveki ezimbalwa ezizayo iyakubonisa oku.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-17-2021