Ndi chitsulo chanji chomwe chimalimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri?

Ndi chitsulo chanji chomwe chimalimbana ndi kutentha kwambiri?

Pali mitundu yambiri yazitsulo, koma ntchito zake sizofanana ndendende.

Kawirikawiri, timatchula zitsulo zotentha kwambiri monga "zitsulo zosagwira kutentha". Chitsulo chosagonjetsedwa ndi kutentha chimatanthawuza gulu lazitsulo zomwe zimakhala ndi oxidation kukana ndi kukhutiritsa kutentha kwapamwamba komanso kutentha kwambiri kutentha pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu. China idayamba kupanga zitsulo zosagwira kutentha mu 1952.

Chitsulo chosagwira kutentha nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito kutentha kwambiri m'ma boilers, ma turbines a nthunzi, makina opangira magetsi, ng'anjo zamafakitale ndi mafakitale monga mafakitale a ndege ndi petrochemical. Kuphatikiza pa kulimba kwa kutentha kwambiri komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri kwa okosijeni, zigawozi zimafunikiranso kukana kokwanira, kukhazikika kwapadera komanso kutsekemera, komanso kukhazikika kwadongosolo malinga ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

Chitsulo chosagwira kutentha chikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri malinga ndi ntchito yake: chitsulo chotsutsa-oxidation ndi chitsulo chosagwira kutentha. Chitsulo cha anti-oxidation chimatchedwanso chitsulo chapakhungu mwachidule. Chitsulo champhamvu chotentha chimatanthawuza chitsulo chomwe chimakhala ndi kukana kwa okosijeni kwapadera pakatentha kwambiri komanso chimakhala ndi mphamvu zotentha kwambiri.

Chitsulo chosamva kutentha chikhoza kugawidwa kukhala chitsulo chosamva kutentha kwa austenitic, chitsulo chosamva kutentha kwa martensitic, chitsulo chosamva kutentha kwa ferritic ndi chitsulo chosamva kutentha kwa pearlite malinga ndi dongosolo lake lokhazikika.

Chitsulo cha Austenitic chosagwira kutentha chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri za austenite monga faifi tambala, manganese, ndi nayitrogeni. Ikakhala pamwamba pa 600 ℃, imakhala ndi mphamvu zotentha kwambiri komanso kukhazikika kwadongosolo, ndipo imakhala ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri yowotcherera. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa 600 ℃ Kutentha kwambiri kwa ntchitoyo. Chitsulo cha Martensitic chosagwira kutentha nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi chromium 7 mpaka 13%, ndipo chimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kukana kwa okosijeni ndi kukana kwa nthunzi yamadzi pansi pa 650 ° C, koma kuwotcherera kwake ndikosavuta.

Chitsulo cha ferritic chosagwira kutentha chimakhala ndi zinthu zambiri monga chromium, aluminiyamu, silicon, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimapanga gawo limodzi la ferrite, zimakhala ndi mphamvu zotsutsa makutidwe ndi okosijeni komanso kutentha kwa gasi, koma zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa za kutentha ndi kuphulika kwakukulu kutentha kwa firiji. . , kusawotchera bwino. Ma pearlite alloy zitsulo zosagwira kutentha amakhala makamaka chromium ndi molybdenum, ndipo kuchuluka kwake nthawi zambiri sikudutsa 5%.

Chitetezo chake sichimaphatikizapo pearlite, ferrite, ndi bainite. Chitsulo chamtunduwu chimakhala ndi mphamvu yabwino kwambiri yotentha kwambiri komanso ntchito yake pa 500 ~ 600 ℃, ndipo mtengo wake ndi wotsika.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kupanga mbali zosagwira kutentha pansi pa 600 ℃. Monga mapaipi achitsulo chowotcha, ma turbine impellers, rotors, fasteners, zotengera zothamanga kwambiri, mapaipi, ndi zina zambiri.