Copper, Brass thiab Bronze, lwm yam hu ua "Red Metals", tej zaum yuav zoo li qub tab sis qhov tseeb txawv heev.
Tooj
tooj liab yog siv nyob rau hauv ib tug ntau yam ntawm cov khoom vim nws zoo heev hluav taws xob thiab thermal conductivity, zoo zog, zoo formability thiab kuj mus corrosion. Cov yeeb nkab thiab cov yeeb nkab fittings feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm cov hlau vim lawv cov corrosion kuj. Lawv tuaj yeem ua tau yooj yim soldered thiab brazed, thiab ntau yam tuaj yeem welded los ntawm ntau yam roj, arc thiab kuj txoj kev. Lawv tuaj yeem polished thiab buffed rau yuav luag txhua qhov kev ntxhib los mos thiab luster.
Muaj cov qib ntawm cov tooj liab tsis sib xws, thiab lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov impurities uas muaj. Cov qib tooj liab tsis muaj oxygen yog siv tshwj xeeb hauv kev ua haujlwm uas xav tau kev ua haujlwm siab thiab ductility.
Ib qho ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm tooj liab yog nws lub peev xwm los tua cov kab mob. Tom qab kev sim tshuaj tua kab mob dav dav los ntawm Lub Chaw Tiv Thaiv Ib puag ncig, nws tau pom tias 355 tooj liab alloys, suav nrog ntau cov tooj dag, tau pom tias tua ntau dua 99.9% ntawm cov kab mob hauv ob teev ntawm kev sib cuag. Ib txwm tarnishing tau pom tias tsis cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob.
Kev siv tooj liab
Tooj liab yog ib qho ntawm cov hlau thaum ntxov tshaj plaws. Cov Greeks thiab Loos tau ua nws rau hauv cov cuab yeej lossis cov khoom dai, thiab tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv keeb kwm qhia txog kev siv tooj liab los ua kom tsis muaj qhov txhab thiab ntxuav cov dej haus. Niaj hnub no nws yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li thaiv vim nws muaj peev xwm ua tau hluav taws xob zoo.
tooj dag
Brass yog tsuas yog ib qho alloy uas muaj tooj liab nrog zinc ntxiv. Cov tooj dag tuaj yeem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm zinc lossis lwm yam ntxiv. Cov khoom sib txawv no ua rau muaj ntau yam khoom thiab variation ntawm cov xim. Ntau cov zinc muab cov khoom siv nrog kev txhim kho lub zog thiab ductility. Brass tuaj yeem muaj xim los ntawm liab mus rau daj nyob ntawm seb cov zinc ntxiv rau cov hlau.
- Yog tias zinc cov ntsiab lus ntawm tooj dag nyob ntawm 32% mus rau 39%, nws yuav muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm kub, tab sis kev ua haujlwm txias yuav raug txwv.
- Yog tias cov tooj dag muaj ntau dua 39% zinc (piv txwv li - Muntz Hlau), nws yuav muaj zog dua thiab qis dua (ntawm chav tsev kub).
Kev siv tooj dag
Brass feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho kom zoo nkauj feem ntau vim nws zoo ib yam li kub. Nws kuj yog ib qho siv los ua cov twj paj nruag vim nws ua haujlwm siab thiab ua haujlwm ntev.
Lwm yam Brass Alloys
Tin Brass
Qhov no yog ib qho alloy uas muaj tooj liab, zinc thiab tin. Cov pab pawg no yuav suav nrog cov tooj dag qhuas, naval tooj dag thiab dawb machining tooj dag. Cov tin tau ntxiv rau inhibit dezincification (qhov leaching ntawm zinc los ntawm tooj dag alloys) nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw. Cov pab pawg no muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj siab rau dezincification, nruab nrab lub zog, siab atmospheric thiab aqueous corrosion kuj thiab zoo heev hluav taws xob conductivity. Lawv muaj zoo kub forgeability thiab zoo txias formability. Cov alloys feem ntau yog siv los ua fasteners, marine hardware, ntsia hlau tshuab qhov chaw, twj tso kua mis shafts thiab corrosion-resistant mechanical khoom.
Bronze
Bronze yog ib qho alloy uas feem ntau yog tooj liab nrog kev sib ntxiv ntawm lwm cov khoom xyaw. Feem ntau cov khoom xyaw ntxiv yog feem ntau tin, tab sis arsenic, phosphorus, aluminium, manganese, thiab silicon tuaj yeem siv los tsim cov khoom sib txawv hauv cov khoom. Tag nrho cov khoom xyaw no tsim ib qho alloy nyuaj dua li tooj liab ib leeg.
Bronze yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm nws cov xim dull-kub. Koj tuaj yeem qhia qhov txawv ntawm bronze thiab tooj dag vim bronze yuav muaj faint rings ntawm nws qhov chaw.
Bronze Daim Ntawv Thov
Bronze yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho ntawm sculptures, suab paj nruas instruments thiab medals, thiab nyob rau hauv industrial daim ntaub ntawv xws li bushings thiab bearings, qhov twg nws tsis tshua muaj hlau ntawm hlau txhuam yog ib qho zoo dua. Bronze kuj tseem muaj cov ntawv siv nautical vim nws tsis kam tiv thaiv corrosion.
Lwm yam Bronze Alloys
Phosphor Bronze (los yog Tin Bronze)
Cov hlau no feem ntau muaj cov ntsiab lus tin li ntawm 0.5% mus rau 1.0%, thiab phosphorous ntau ntawm 0.01% txog 0.35%. Cov alloys no tseem ceeb heev rau lawv qhov toughness, lub zog, tsis tshua muaj coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam, siab qaug zog, thiab nplua nplej. Cov ntsiab lus tin tsub kom qhov corrosion kuj thiab tensile lub zog, thaum cov ntsiab lus phosphorous nce lub hnav tsis kam thiab nruj. Qee qhov kawg siv rau cov khoom no yuav yog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, lub tshuab nqus tsev, lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov ntxhua khaub ncaws, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv corrosion.
Aluminium Bronze
Qhov no muaj cov ntsiab lus txhuas ntawm 6% - 12%, cov ntsiab lus hlau ntawm 6% (max), thiab cov ntsiab lus nickel ntawm 6% (max). Cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke no muab lub zog muaj zog, ua ke nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo heev rau corrosion thiab hnav. Cov khoom no feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim khoom ntawm marine hardware, lub tes tsho bearings thiab twj tso kua mis los yog li qub uas tuav cov kua dej corrosive.
Silicon Bronze
Qhov no yog ib qho alloy uas tuaj yeem npog ob qho tib si tooj dag thiab tooj liab (liab silicon brasses thiab liab silicon bronzes). Lawv feem ntau muaj 20% zinc thiab 6% silicon. Liab tooj dag muaj zog thiab corrosion kuj thiab feem ntau yog siv rau valve stems. Liab bronze zoo sib xws tab sis nws muaj qis dua cov zinc. Nws yog feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov twj tso kua mis thiab valve Cheebtsam.
Nickel Brass (los yog Nickel Silver)
Qhov no yog ib qho alloy uas muaj tooj liab, npib tsib xee thiab zinc. Cov npib tsib xee muab cov khoom yuav luag zoo li nyiaj. Cov khoom no muaj lub zog nruab nrab thiab zoo corrosion kuj. Cov khoom siv no feem ntau yog siv los ua cov twj paj nruag, khoom noj khoom haus thiab dej haus, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, thiab lwm yam khoom uas qhov kev zoo nkauj yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Copper Nickel (los yog Cupronickel)
Qhov no yog ib qho alloy uas tuaj yeem muaj nyob qhov twg los ntawm 2% mus rau 30% npib tsib xee. Cov khoom no muaj kev tiv thaiv corrosion siab heev thiab muaj thermal stability. Cov ntaub ntawv no tseem muaj kev ua siab ntev heev rau corrosion cracking nyob rau hauv kev ntxhov siab thiab oxidation nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw sov los yog huab cua ntub. Cov ntsiab lus nickel siab dua hauv cov khoom siv no yuav txhim kho corrosion kuj nyob rau hauv seawater, thiab tsis kam mus rau marine lom fouling. Cov khoom siv no feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv marine, li qub, twj tso kua mis thiab nkoj hulls.
Post lub sij hawm: Aug-28-2020