Kamar farar shingen tsinke, shingen tsinken bakin karfe - wanda ke a ko'ina a cikin unguwannin New York tare da ɗimbin masu gida na Asiya - yana haifar da ƙera ji, amma ya fi kyawu.
A kan titunan zama a Flushing, Queens, da Sunset Park, Brooklyn, kusan kowane gida yana da shinge na ƙarfe. Suna da azurfa kuma wani lokacin zinariya da aka gyara su da bambanci da ƙananan bulo da gidajen da aka lulluɓe da vinyl da suke kewaye da su, kamar sarƙar lu'u-lu'u da aka sawa a kan tsohon farin fari. t-shirts.
Dilip Banerjee ya ce, "Idan kuna da ƙarin kuɗi, ya kamata ku je neman zaɓi mafi kyau koyaushe," in ji Dilip Banerjee, yayin da yake nuni da shingen ƙarfe na maƙwabcinsa, yana murƙushe shingen shingen ƙarfe na kansa, hannaye, kofofi da rumfa. Ya kashe shi kusan $2,800 don ƙara zuwa gidansa mai hawa biyu mai ƙasƙanci a Flushing.
Kamar farar shinge, dogon alamar abin da ake kira Mafarki na Amurka, shingen bakin karfe yana kunshe da irin wannan ma'anar fasaha. Amma shingen karfe ba a soke shi ba ko uniform; yana zigzags ga ɗanɗanon mai yin, wanda aka keɓance shi tare da kayan ado iri-iri, gami da furannin magarya, alamomin “om” da tsarin geometric. Da dare, fitilun titi da fitilun mota suna ƙara ƙara haske na bakin karfe, wanda ba ya yi, kuma baya yi. , Fade cikin duhu kamar ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe. Yayin da wasu na iya tsoratar da glitz, tsaye a waje shine ainihin abin da yake game da shi - shingen bakin karfe alama ce da ba za a iya musantawa cewa masu gida sun isa.
"Tabbas alama ce ta zuwan masu matsakaicin matsayi, musamman ga wadanda za su dawo gida a karon farko," in ji Thomas Campanella, wani masanin tarihi na tsara birane da muhallin da aka gina birane a Jami'ar Cornell. "Bakin Karfe yana da kashi na matsayi."
Yunƙurin waɗannan fences-wanda aka fi gani a cikin gidaje guda ɗaya, amma kuma a kusa da gidajen cin abinci, majami'u, ofisoshin likitoci, da dai sauransu - ya yi daidai da ci gaban Amurkawan Asiya a New York. A bara, ofishin shige da fice na birnin ya ruwaito cewa Asiyawan Amurkawa da 'Yan tsibirin Pacific sun kasance rukuni mafi saurin haɓakar launin fata a cikin birni, galibi saboda karuwar ƙaura. A cikin 2010, akwai baƙi sama da 750,000 na Asiya da Tsibirin Pacific a New York, kuma ya zuwa 2019, adadin ya karu zuwa kusan 845,000. Har ila yau birnin ya gano cewa fiye da rabin wadannan bakin hauren suna zaune a Queens. A cewar Mista Campanella, ya yi kiyasin cewa shingen bakin karfe ya fara tashi a New York cikin lokaci guda.
Garibaldi Lind, wani mazaunin Puerto Rican wanda ya rayu a Sunset Park shekaru da yawa, ya ce shingen ya fara bazuwa lokacin da makwabtansa na Hispanic suka ƙaura suka sayar da gidajensu ga masu siyan Sinawa. A can, akwai kuma guda uku.”
Amma sauran masu gida ma sun rungumi salon shingen.” A duk fadin Queens Village da Richmond Hill, idan ka ga shinge irin wannan, yawanci dangin Yammacin Indiya ne,” in ji wakiliyar gidan Guyana Farida Gulmohamad.
Ba kowa yake so ba.” Ni ba mai son kai ba ne. Ba makawa ne, amma abu ne mai ban mamaki, suna da haske sosai, ko kuma suna da ban mamaki," in ji Rafael Rafael, mai daukar hoto na "Duk Mazaunan Sarauniya." Rafael Herrin-Ferri ya ce "Suna da inganci sosai. Queens suna da abubuwa da yawa masu arha, masu arha, amma ba sa haɗawa ko haɗa wani abu. ”
Duk da haka, duk da yanayinsu mai kyau da kyawu, shingen suna aiki kuma ba su da tsada don kula da su fiye da shingen ƙarfe tare da fenti. Sabbin gidajen da aka gyara na siyarwa ana ƙawata su da ƙarfe mai walƙiya daga kai zuwa ƙafafu (ko kuma daga rumfa zuwa ƙofa).
"Asiya ta Kudu da Asiya ta Gabas da alama sun fi son bakin karfe saboda ya fi kyau," in ji Priya Kandhai, wata wakiliyar kadara ta Queens wacce ke ba da jerin sunayen yankunan Ozone Park da Jamaica a kai a kai.
Ta ce a lokacin da ta nuna wa abokan huldar gidan da ke da katangar karfe da rumfa, sai suka ji ya fi kima da zamani, kamar firij din bakin karfe a cikin kicin maimakon farar roba.
An fara ƙirƙira shi ne a Ingila a cikin 1913. An fara karɓo jama'a a China a cikin 1980s da 1990s, a cewar Tim Collins, sakatare-janar na Ƙungiyar Bakin Karfe ta Duniya, ƙungiyar bincike mai zaman kanta ta Brussels.
A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, "An kara fahimtar bakin karfe a matsayin wani abu mai dadewa da ke hade da shi," in ji Mista Collins. "Ikon samar da shi da kuma tsara shi zuwa siffofi masu ban sha'awa tare da siffofi na alama daga kasashen gida na mutane shine juyin juya hali na baya-bayan nan. .” Ƙarfe da aka yi, da bambanci, ya fi wuya a keɓancewa, in ji shi.
Mista Collins ya ce shaharar shingen bakin karfe ana iya danganta shi da "mutanen da ke son su tuna da al'adun su da kuma rungumar wani abu mai irin yanayin zamani".
Wu Wei, mataimakin farfesa a makarantar gine-gine da tsara birane na jami'ar Nanjing, ya bayyana cewa, an kafa masana'antun bakin karfe masu zaman kansu da yawa a Jiangsu da Zhejiang a karshen shekarun 1990 zuwa farkon 2000. "Sun kera kayayyakin gida da yawa," Ms Wu, wacce ta tuna da samfurin bakin karfe na farko a cikin gidanta wani wurin wanke kayan lambu ne. A cikin shekarun 90s, ana daukar kayayyakin bakin karfe masu daraja, amma a yau suna "ko'ina, kowa na iya samunsa, kuma wani lokacin dole ne a yi amfani da shi yanzu. ,” in ji ta.
Madam Wu ta ce, zayyana katangar katangar na iya samo asali ne daga al'adar kasar Sin na kara kyawawan kayayyaki na yau da kullum.Ta ce, ana samun alamomi masu kyau kamar su haruffan Sinanci (kamar albarka), farar cranes da ke wakiltar tsawon rai, da furanni masu wakiltar furanni. Madam Wu ta ce, a cikin "gidajen gargajiya na kasar Sin".
Baƙi na Sinawa zuwa Amurka a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun kawo wannan kusanci ga bakin karfe. Yayin da shagunan kera shingen karafa suka fara bullowa a Queens da Brooklyn, mazauna New York na kowane yanayi sun fara kafa wannan shinge.
Cindy Chen, 'yar shekara 38, 'yar gudun hijira ta ƙarni na farko, ta sanya ƙofofi na bakin karfe, kofa da ginshiƙan taga a cikin gidan da ta girma a China. Lokacin da take neman wani gida a New York, ta san tana son wanda ke da kariya ta bakin karfe.
Ta fidda kai daga shingen shingen taga karfe na gidanta na falo a Sunset Park, tana mai cewa "saboda ba ya tsatsa kuma ya fi dacewa da zama," Sinawa sun fi son karfe. "Yana sa gidan ya zama sabo. kuma mafi kyau," in ji ta, ta kara da cewa, "Mafi yawan sabbin gidajen da aka gyara a fadin titi suna da wannan samfurin bakin karfe." Katangar karfe da masu gadi sun sa ta sami kwanciyar hankali.(Tun daga shekarar 2020, laifuffukan ƙiyayya da ke haifar da bala'i a kan Amurkawa Asiyawa sun yi yawa a New York, kuma yawancin Asiyawan Amurkawa sun yi taka tsantsan game da kai hari.)
Mista Banerjee, mai shekaru 77, wanda ya yi hijira daga Kolkata, Indiya, a cikin 1970s, ya ce ko da yaushe yana jin yunwa don ƙarin. "Iyayena ba su taba tuka mota mai kyau ba, amma ina da Mercedes," in ji shi a wata rana da yamma, yana tsaye a wurin. saman kofar da aka kawata da bakin karfe.
Aikinsa na farko shi ne a masana’antar jute da ke Indiya, lokacin da ya zo New York, ya yi hatsari a gidajen abokai daban-daban, ya fara neman ayyukan da ya gani a jaridu, kuma a ƙarshe wani kamfani ya ɗauke shi aikin injiniya.
Bayan ya zauna a cikin 1998, Mista Banerjee ya sayi gidan da yake zaune a cikin shekaru da yawa, kuma a cikin shekaru da yawa yana gyara kowane bangare na gidan don dacewa da hangen nesa - kafet, tagogi, gareji da kuma, ba shakka, an maye gurbin shingen. “Katangar ta kare shi duka. Yana girma cikin ƙima,” in ji shi cikin alfahari.
Hui Zhenlin, 'yar shekara 64, wacce ta zauna a gidan Sunset Park na tsawon shekaru 10, ta ce ƙofofin gidanta na ƙarfe da dogo suna nan kafin ta shiga, amma tabbas suna cikin abubuwan da ke jan hankalin kadarorin. 'suna da tsabta,'' in ji ta. Ba sai an sake musu fenti kamar ƙarfe ba kuma a goge su a zahiri.
Zou Xiu, 'yar shekara 48, wacce ta koma wani gida a Sunset Park watanni biyu da suka gabata, ta ce ta fi jin dadin zama a cikin gida mai kofofin karfe." Suna lafiya," in ji ta. sun fi tsaro.”
Bayan shi duk masu yin ƙarfe ne. Tare da Flushing's College Point Boulevard, ana iya samun shagunan ƙirƙira bakin ƙarfe da dakunan nuni. A ciki, ma'aikata na iya ganin ƙarfe yana narke da siffa don dacewa da ƙirar al'ada, tartsatsin wuta yana tashi a ko'ina, kuma bangon yana rufe da bango. samfurin kofa alamu.
A safiyar ranar mako na wannan bazara, Chuan Li, 37, mai haɗin gwiwar Golden Metal 1 Inc., yana tattaunawa akan farashi tare da wasu abokan cinikin da suka zo neman aiki akan shinge na al'ada. Kimanin shekaru 15 da suka wuce, Mista Li ya yi hijira zuwa ga Amurka daga Wenzhou, China, kuma ya kwashe sama da shekaru goma yana aikin karafa. Ya koyi sana'ar ne a birnin New York lokacin da yake aiki a wani shagon kera kicin a Flushing.
Ga Mista Lee, aikin karfe ya fi wata hanya ta ƙarshe fiye da kira. "Ba ni da wani zaɓi, da gaske. Dole ne in yi rayuwa. Kun san mu Sinawa - muna zuwa aiki, muna zuwa aiki kowace rana, "in ji shi.
Ya ce bai taba kafa katangar karfe a gidansa ba, duk da cewa yakan shafe mafi yawan lokacinsa wajen mu’amala da kayan.” Ba na son ko wannensu ko kadan. Ina kallon waɗannan abubuwan kowace rana, ”in ji Mista Lee.” A cikin gidana, shingen filastik kawai muke amfani da shi.
Amma Mista Li ya ba wa abokin cinikin abin da suke so, inda ya zana shingen bayan ya gana da abokin aikin, wanda ya gaya masa irin salon da suke so. Daga nan sai ya fara toka danyen, ya lankwashe su, ya yi musu walda, sannan ya goge kayan da aka gama. . Lee yana cajin kusan dala 75 kowace ƙafa don kowane aiki.
"Shi ne kawai abin da za mu iya yi idan muka isa nan," in ji Hao Weian, mai shekaru 51, mai kamfanin Xin Tengfei Bakin Karfe. "Na kasance ina yin wadannan abubuwa a kasar Sin."
Mista Ann yana da ɗa a jami'a, amma yana fatan ba zai gaji kasuwancin iyali ba. "Ba zan bar shi ya yi aiki a nan ba," in ji shi. "Ku dube ni - Ina sa abin rufe fuska kowace rana. Ba wai cutar ba ce, domin akwai ƙura da hayaƙi da yawa a nan.”
Duk da yake kayan bazai zama mai ban sha'awa musamman ga masana'antun ba, ga mai fasaha na tushen Flushing da mai zane-zane Anne Wu, shinge na bakin karfe ya ba da kwarin gwiwa sosai. A bara, a cikin wani yanki da The Shed, Hudson Yards' cibiyar fasaha ta ba da izini, Ms Wu ta ƙirƙira. a m, whimsical bakin karfe shigarwa.” Yawancin lokaci, a lokacin da kana tafiya a kusa da wani birni, mutane dangantaka da kayan ne a look, wani abu da suke kallo daga waje. Amma ina son wannan yanki ya ɗauki isasshen sarari don mai kallo ya ji kamar za su iya bi ta cikinsa, ”in ji Ms Wu, 30.
A cikin shekaru 10 da suka gabata, tana kallon unguwar mahaifiyarta da ke Flushing a hankali tana ambaliya da kayayyakin karfe, ta fara tattara tarkacen kayan da ta samu a masana'antar Flushing. Ziyarar 'yan uwanta a karkarar Fujian na kasar Sin, ta yi sha'awar ganin wata katuwar kofa ta bakin karfe tsakanin ginshikan duwatsu guda biyu.
Madam Wu ta ce, "Fullowing kanta wuri ne mai ban sha'awa amma mai rikitarwa, tare da dukkan mutane daban-daban suna haduwa wuri guda," in ji Ms Wu. shimfidar wuri. A matakin kayan abu, karfe yana nuna duk abin da ke kewaye da shi, don haka nau'in yana haɗuwa cikin yanayin yayin da ya kasance mai ƙarfin hali da haɓaka. mai da hankali kan."
Lokacin aikawa: Jul-08-2022